Numer

Tom 39 Nr 1 (2025): Socjolingwistyka

Creative Commons License

Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.

Wpływ długości pełnienia mandatu na udział w debatach parlamentarnych: analiza korpusu Hansard

https://doi.org/10.17651/SOCJOLING.39.14
Łukasz Stolarski
Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Polska
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2668-5509

Kontakt: Łukasz Stolarski

audreypl@wp.pl

SOCJOLINGWISTYKA, Tom 39 Nr 1 (2025): Socjolingwistyka

Abstrakt

Celem tego badania jest analiza związku między długością sprawowania mandatu przez posłów w Izbie Gmin a ich udziałem w debatach parlamentarnych w XX wieku. W tym celu wykorzystano wersję korpusu Hansard dostępną pod adresem „https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/” (dostęp: 10 grudnia, 2025). Za pomocą skryptu w Pythonie pobrano pełne transkrypcje debat i opatrzono je adnotacjami dotyczącymi m.in. nazwisk posłów, ich płci oraz dat wystąpień. Po dalszym przetworzeniu danych obliczono i przeanalizowano średnią liczbę wypowiedzianych tokenów leksykalnych na rok pełnienia mandatu parlamentarnego jako wskaźnik aktywności w debatach. Ogólne wyniki wskazują na wzrost liczby wypowiadanych słów w pierwszych latach pracy, po którym następuje stabilizacja wartości średnich w kolejnych latach. Dodatkowa analiza diachroniczna ujawnia jednak istotne zmiany w tym trendzie. W pierwszych czterech dekadach XX wieku zależność ta ma w dużej mierze charakter liniowy. W późniejszych okresach stopniowo ewoluuje jednak w trajektorię o odwróconym kształcie litery U – maksymalna liczba wypowiadanych słów przypada na wcześniejszy etap kariery parlamentarnej, po czym następuje spadek wśród posłów z dłuższym stażem. Dodatkowo zbadano możliwy wpływ różnic pod względem płci, jednak wyniki sugerują, że obserwowane zmiany diachroniczne nie wynikają ze zmieniającego się stosunku liczby posłów do posłanek w ciągu stulecia. Ostatnie trzy dekady XX wieku potwierdzają założenia obecne w literaturze, jednak trendy obserwowane we wcześniejszych okresach nie są sugerowane w badaniach nad współczesnymi zależnościami między długością stażu a produktywnością. Sugeruje to potrzebę dalszych badań nad ewolucją tych procesów w perspektywie diachronicznej.

Słowa kluczowe

analiza korpusowa Korpus Hansard debaty parlamentarne zaangażowanie zawodowe produktywność zawodowa corpus analysis Hansard Corpus parliamentary debates work productivity work participation
Referencje
  1. Abercrombie, G., & Batista-Navarro, R. T. 2018. “A Sentiment-Labelled Corpus of Hansard Parliamentary Debate Speeches”. In: International Language Resource and Evaluation Conference 2018: ParlaCLARIN Workshop, Clarin, 43–47.
  2. Abercrombie, G., & Batista-Navarro, R. T. 2019. “Semantic Change in the Language of UK Parliamentary Debates”. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Computational Approaches to Historical Language Change, 210–215.
  3. Alexander, M. 2023. “Speech in the British Hansard”. In: Exploring Language and Society with Big Data: Parliamentary Discourse across Time and Space, eds. M. Korhonen, H. Kotze, & J. Tyrkkö. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 17–53.
  4. Alexander, M., & Davies, M. 2022. “Hansard Corpus (British Parliament) 1803–2005”. English Corpora. https://www.english-corpora.org/hansard/ (access: Dec 10, 2025).
  5. Alexander, M., & Struan, A. 2022. “‘In Barbarous Times and in Uncivilized Countries’: Two Centuries of the Evolving Uncivil in the Hansard Corpus”. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 27(4): 480–505.
  6. Allen, J., & De Grip, A. 2012. “Does Skill Obsolescence Increase the Risk of Employment Loss?”. Applied Economics, 44(25): 3237–3245.
  7. Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. 1990. “The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization”. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1): 1–18.
  8. Appleton, S. A. 2023. “Lexical Change in the Parliamentary Contributions of UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office Ministers, 1989–2015: A Corpus Linguistic Analysis”. PhD Thesis. University of Birmingham.
  9. Archer, D. 2017. “Mapping Hansard Impression Management Strategies through Time and Space”. Studia Neophilologica, 89(sup1): 5–20.
  10. Archer, D. 2017. 2018. “Negotiating Difference in Political Contexts: An Exploration of Hansard”. Language Sciences, 68: 22–41.
  11. Awal, N. M., Jaludin, A., Abdul Rahman, A. N. C., & Abdullah, I. H. 2019. “‘Is Selangor in Deep Water?’: A Corpus-Driven Account of Air/Water in the Malaysian Hansard Corpus (MHC)”. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 19(2).
  12. Bakar, R. A. 2013. “Understanding Factors Influencing Employee Engagement: A Study of the Financial Sector in Malaysia”. PhD Thesis. RMIT University.
  13. Batistuta, A. I. F. I., & Safitri, R. 2024. “Comparison of Employee Tenure on Employee Productivity”. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis & Entrepreneurship, 18(2): 524–32.
  14. Bryson, A., Forth, J., Gray, H., & Stokes, L. 2020. “Does Employing Older Workers Affect Workplace Performance?”. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 59(4): 532–62.
  15. Bussolo, M., J. Koettl, & E. Sinnott. 2015. Golden Aging: Prospects for Healthy, Active, and Prosperous Aging in Europe and Central Asia. World Bank Publications.
  16. Carpuat, M. 2014. “Mixed Language and Code-Switching in the Canadian Hansard”. In: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Computational Approaches to Code Switching, 107–15.
  17. Che Abdul Rahman, A. N., I. Ho Abdullah, I. S. Zainuddin, & A. Jaludin. 2019. “The Comparisons of OCR Tools: A Conversion Case in the Malaysian Hansard Corpus Development”. Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC), 4(2): 335–48.
  18. Coffman, C., A. Gopal, & G. Gonzalez-Molina. 2002. Follow This Path: How the World’s Greatest Organizations Drive Growth by Unleashing Human Potential. New York: Warner Books.
  19. Cohen, A. 1993. “Age and Tenure in Relation to Organizational Commitment: A Meta-Analysis”. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 14(2): 143–59.
  20. Coole, M., P. Rayson, & J. Mariani. 2020. “Unfinished Business: Construction and Maintenance of a Semantically Tagged Historical Parliamentary Corpus, UK Hansard from 1803 to the Present Day”. In: Proceedings of the Second ParlaCLARIN Workshop, 23–27.
  21. Corbett, J. B. 2021. “Terminology and the Evolution of Linguistic Prejudice: The Conceptual Domain of ‘Irishness’ in the Historical Thesaurus of English and the Hansard Corpus of British Parliamentary Speeches”. Tradterm, 37(2): 515–37.
  22. De Grip, A. 2006. “Evaluating Human Capital Obsolescence”. Researchcentrum voor Onderwijs en Arbeidsmarkt, Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen. ROA Working Papers No. 2E.
  23. Demmen, J., L. Jeffries, & B. Walker. 2018. “Charting the Semantics of Labour Relations in House of Commons Debates Spanning Two Hundred Years: A Study of Parliamentary Language Using Corpus Linguistic Methods and Automated Semantic Tagging”. In: Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture, eds. Michael Kranert and Geralinde Horan. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 81–104.
  24. Desjardins, R., & A. J. Warnke. 2012. Ageing and Skills: A Review and Analysis of Skill Gain and Skill Loss Over the Lifespan and Over Time (Working Paper No. 72). OECD Education Working Papers.
  25. Dongrey, R., & V. Rokade. 2019. “Implication of Tenure on Employee Engagement”. Open Access Journal of Humanities, 2(3): 34–37.
  26. Gagliardi, N., E. Grinza, & F. Rycx. 2021. “Can You Teach an Old Dog New Tricks? New Evidence on the Impact of Tenure on Productivity”. IZA Discussion Papers (No. 14432).
  27. Giniger, S., A. Dispenzieri, & J. Eisenberg. 1983. “Age, Experience, and Performance on Speed and Skill Jobs in an Applied Setting”. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(3): 469.
  28. Hiltunen, T., J. Räikkönen, & J. Tyrkkö. 2020. “Investigating Colloquialization in the British Parliamentary Record in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century”. Language Sciences, 79: 101270.
  29. Hiltunen, T., & T. Vartiainen. 2024. “A Corpus-Pragmatic Analysis of Linguistic Democratisation in the British Hansard: Comparing the Two Houses”. Journal of Historical Pragmatics, 25(2): 245–73.
  30. Ingham, R. 2022. “The Cradle of Parliamentary Democracy?: Collocates of ‘Democracy’ in Hansard 1803–1900”. In: Auto- und Heterostereotypie im Europa des 19. Jahrhunderts, Linguistik in Empirie und Theorie / Empirical and Theoretical Linguistics, eds. A. Fábián, A. Owzar, & I. Trost. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 191–206.
  31. Jeffries, L., F. Stradling, A. V. Lünen, & H. Sanjurjo-González. 2023. “Hansard at Huddersfield: Streamlined Corpus Methods and Interactive Visualisations to Pursue Research Aims beyond Corpus Linguistics”. In: Studies in Corpus Linguistics, eds. M. Korhonen, H. Kotze, & J. Tyrkkö. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 89–117.
  32. Jenkins, P. S. 2019. “Text Mining the British Hansard”. In: War and Happiness. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 41–53.
  33. Joanis, E. et al. 2020. “The Nunavut Hansard Inuktitut–English Parallel Corpus 3.0 with Preliminary Machine Translation Results”. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, 2562–72.
  34. Kang, N. 2023. “On Consist of and Made up of: A Corpora-Based Analysis”. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(4): 840–46.
  35. Kotze, H., & B. Van Rooy. 2020. “Democratisation in the South African Parliamentary Hansard? A Study of Change in Modal Auxiliaries”. Language Sciences, 79: 101264.
  36. Kruger, H., & A. Smith. 2018. “Colloquialization versus Densification in Australian English: A Multidimensional Analysis of the Australian Diachronic Hansard Corpus (ADHC)”. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 38(3): 293–328.
  37. Labat, S., H. Kotze, & B. Szmrecsanyi. 2023. “Processing and Prescriptivism as Constraints on Language Variation and Change: Relative Clauses in British and Australian English Parliamentary Debates”. In: Exploring Language and Society with Big Data: Parliamentary Discourse across Time and Space, eds. Minna Korhonen, Haidee Kotze, & Jukka Tyrkkö. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 250–76.
  38. Leibel, M. S. 2024. “‘Such Cold, Dispassionate Terms Fail Us’: Reading Hansard as an ‘Archive of Feelings’”. Parliamentary Affairs, 77(2): 328–49.
  39. Leonard, R. 2007. “Beautiful Soup Documentation”. https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/
  40. McGill, E., & H. Saggion. 2023. “BSL-Hansard: A Parallel, Multimodal Corpus of English and Interpreted British Sign Language Data from Parliamentary Proceedings”. In: Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Automatic Translation for Signed and Spoken Languages, 38–43.
  41. Meyer, J. P. et al. 1989. “Organizational Commitment and Job Performance: It’s the Nature of the Commitment That Counts”. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(1): 152.
  42. Micher, J. 2018. “Using the Nunavut Hansard Data for Experiments in Morphological Analysis and Machine Translation”. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Modeling of Polysynthetic Languages, 65–72.
  43. Nanni, F., S. Menini, S. Tonelli, & S. P. Ponzetto. 2019. “Semantifying the UK Hansard (1918–2018)”. In: 2019 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), IEEE, 412–13.
  44. Ng, T.W.H., & D.C. Feldman. 2010. “Organizational Tenure and Job Performance”. Journal of Management, 36(5): 1220–50.
  45. Onyimadu, O. et al. 2013. “Entity-Based Semantic Search on Conversational Transcripts Semantic”. In: Semantic Technology, eds. H. Takeda, Y. Qu, R. Mizoguchi, & Y. Kitamura. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 344–49.
  46. Picchio, M. 2021. “Is Training Effective for Older Workers?”. IZA World of Labor, 121.
  47. Porro, G. 2022. “Language and Gender: A Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analysis of British Politicians’ Language Use”. Thesis. University of Padova.
  48. Rahman, C.A., & A. Nadiah. 2024. “The Portrayal of Women: A Corpus Analysis of the Representation around the Word ‘Wanita’ in the Malaysian Hansard Corpus”. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 24(4).
  49. Rice, J.K. 2009. “The Role of Tenure as a Moderator to Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction”. Thesis. San José State University.
  50. Rickman, P., & J. Rudanko. 2018. “Null Objects and Sentential Complements, with Evidence from the Corpus of Historical American English and Hansard”. In: Corpus-Based Studies on Non-Finite Complements in Recent English. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 75–96.
  51. Shaw, K., & E.P. Lazear. 2008. “Tenure and Output”. Labour Economics, 15(4): 704–23.
  52. Smith, A., & M. Korhonen. 2022. “Parliamentary Hansard Records and Epicentral Influence in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea”. World Englishes, 41(3): 475–90.
  53. Soriano-Jiménez, C. 2024. “Language Change in British Parliamentary Discourse: A Corpus-Based Study of Power and Authority Markers, 1930–2005”. Atlantis. Journal of the Spanish Association for Anglo-American Studies: 49–68.
  54. Swaminathan, J., & A. Ananth. 2009. “Impact of Demographic Factors on Employee Engagement: A Study with Reference to Vasan Publications Private Limited, Chennai”. MPRA Paper No. 39768.
  55. The pandas development team. 2023. “Pandas”. https://pandas.pydata.org/
  56. Uppal, N. 2017. “Uncovering Curvilinearity in the Organizational Tenure–Job Performance Relationship: A Moderated Mediation Model of Continuance Commitment and Motivational Job Characteristics”. Personnel Review, 46(8): 1552–70.
  57. Van Loo, J., A. De Grip, & M. De Steur. 2001. “Skills Obsolescence: Causes and Cures”. International Journal of Manpower, 22(1/2): 121–38.
  58. Vardanega, M., & L. Smith. 2016. “Analysis of Sentiment Direction Based on Two Centuries of the Hansard Debate Archive”. Stirling: University of Stirling, unpublished manuscript.
Read More
Biografie autora nie są dostępne.
Pobierz PDF
PDF (ENGLISH)
Statystyki
Przeczytano : 17 Pobrano: 9

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.